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Part One-Sociology：Its Object，method，and Development 1

1．SOCIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE 3

2．DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIOLOGY 19

Part Two-Structural Sociology 37

3．GENERIC STRUCTURE OF SOCIOCULTURAL PHENOMENA 39

Part Three-Structure of the Social Unioerse 67

4．ORGANTIZED SYSTEMS OF INTERACTION：GROUPS OR INSTITUTIONS 69

5．SOLIDARY，ANTAGONISTIC，AND MIXED SYSTEMS OF INTERACTION 93

6．FACTORS OF SOLIDARITY AND ANTAGONISM 119

7．THE ROLES OF SIMILARITY AND DISSIMILARITY IN SOCIAL SOLIDARITY AND ANTAGONISM 132

8．THE ORGANIZED GROUP AS A COLLECTIVE UNITY 145

9．CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIZED GROUPS 159

Part Four-Social Differentiation and Stratification 179

10．DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN POPULATION INTO BIOSOCIAL GROUPS 181

11．DIFFERENTIALTION OF HUMAN POPULATION INTO SOCIOCULTURAL GROUPS 195

12．DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN POPULATION INTO SOCIOCULTURAL GROUPS(Continued) 219

13．DIFFERENTIATION OF POPULATION INTO MULTIBONDED GROUPS 236

14．DIFFERENTIATION OF POPULATION INTO MULTIBONDED GROUPS(Continued) 256

15．SOCIAL STRATIFICATION 276

16．POPULATIONS AS AGGLOMERATIONS OF GROUPS(TYPES OF SOCIETY) 296

Part Five-Structures of the Cultural and Personality Aspects of the Superorganic Universe 311

17．STRUCTURE OF THE CULTURAL UNIVERSE 313

18．THE ACTUAL STRUCTURE OF THE TOTAL CULTURE OF INDIVIDUALS，GROUPS，AND AREAS 325

19．SOCIOCULTURAL STRUCTURE OF PERSONALITY 342

20．THE STRUCTURE OF SOCIOCULTURAL SPACE 359

Part Six-Dynamics of the Recurrent Social Processes 365

21．HOW GROUPS ORIGINATE AND BECOME ORGANIZED 367

22．How SOCIAL GROUPS MAINTAIN THEIR IDENTITY AND CONTINUITY 380

23．How GROUPS ACQUIRE，EXCHANGE，DISTRIBUTE，AND LOSE THEIR VEHICLES 390

24．How SOCIAL GROUPS RECRUIT，EXCHANGE，AND LOSE THEIR MEMBERS：GENERAL HORIZONTAL MOBILITY 400

25．THE DIFFERENTIAL HORIZONTAL MOBILITY OF INDIVIDUALS 415

26．How GROUPS EXCHANGE，TEST，SELECT，AND DISTRIBUTE THEIR MEMBERS(VERTICAL MOBILITY) 423

27．Two MODES OF THE MAINTENANCE OF GROUPS 445

28．FLUCTUATION OF THE SIZE AND STRATIFIED PROFILE OF THE GROUPS 450

29．CHANGES IN SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS 457

30．FLUCTUATION OF GOVERNMENT REGIMENTATION，FORMS OF GOVERNMENT，AND FREEDOM 466

31．FLUCTUATION OF ORDERLY AND DISORDERLY CHANGE OF GROUPS 479

32．FLUCTUATION OF PEACE AND WAR IN INTERGROUP RELATIONSHIPS 496

33．THE CAUSE AND FACTORS OF WAR AND REVOLUTION 503

34．LIFE-SPAN，MORTALITY，AND RESURRECTION OF GROUPS 523

Part Seven-The Dynamics of Cultural Processes 535

35．THE CONCEPTION OF CULTURAL SYSTEMS 537

36．How IDEOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ARE OBJECTIFIED 555

37．SOCIALIZATION OF OBJECTIFIED SYSTEMS AND CONGERIES：MOBILITY OF CULTURAL PHENOMENA 533

38．SOCIALIZATION OF OBJECTIFIED SYSTEMS AND CONGERIES(Continued) 573

39．HOW CULTURAL SYSTEMS AND SUPERSYSTEMS GROW AND DECLINE 584

40．GROWTH，FLUCTUATION，AND DECLINE OF MAIN FORMS OF FINE ARTS 593

41．GROWTH，FLUCTUATION，AND DECLINE OF MAIN SYSTEMS OF TRUTH，COGNITION，AND KNOWLEDGE 607

42．GROWTH，FLUCTUATION，AND DECLINE OF MAIN SYSTEMS OF LAW，ETHICS，AND TYPES OF PERSONALITY 620

43．MODES OF CHANGE OF SYSTEMS，＂CIVILIZATIONS，＇＇AND CONGERIES 635

44．TIME-SEQUENCE UNIFORMITIES IN THE CHANGE OF SYSTEMS 659

45．DEJECTION，RHYTHM，PERIODICITY，AND TEMPO IN SOCIOCULTURAL CHANGE 675

46．REASONS FOR SOCIOCULTURAL CHANGE AND VARIABLY RECURRENT PROCESSES AND RHYTHMS 696

47．THE LIFE SPAN，DEATH，AND RESURRECTION OF CULTURAL SYSTEMS 707

48．DYNAMICS OF PERSONALITY 714

INDEX 725

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