美国英语语法 中级PDF格式文档图书下载

Lessons 1—15 1

Lesson 1 1

LESSON FOCUS The Simple Present Tense;Frequency Words 1

READING: Pets 2

1.1 Be—Forms 3

1.2 Be—Uses 5

1.3 Questions with Be 6

1.4 The Simple Present Tense—Forms 9

1.5 Negative Statements with the Simple Present Tense 10

1.6 Questions with the Simple Present Tense 12

1.7 Wh-Questions with a Preposition 13

1.8 Questions about Meaning,Spelling,and Cost 15

READING: Letter About American Customs 17

1.9 Simple Present Tense—Uses 18

1.10 Frequency Words 19

1.11 Position of Frequency Words 21

1.12 Questions with Ever 23

1.13 Frequency Expressions and Questions with How Often 24

Summary 25

Editing Advice 26

Test/Review 28

Expansion Activities 32

LESSON FOCUS The Present Continuous Tense;The Future Tense 37

Lesson 2 37

READING: Sunday Afternoon in the Park 38

2.1 The Present Continuous Tense—Forms 39

2.2 Uses of the Present Continuous Tense 41

2.3 Questions with the Present Continuous Tense 42

2.4 Contrasting the Simple Present and the Present Continuous 45

2.5 Nonaction Verbs 47

2.6 Think,Have,and the Sense Perception Verbs 48

2.7 Questions with the Simple Present and the Present Continuous 50

READING: The Graying of America 53

2.8 The Future Tense with Will 54

2.9 The Future Tense with Be Going To 57

2.10 Will vs.Be Going To 59

2.11 The Future Tense+Time/If Clause 62

Summary 66

Editing Advice 67

Test/Review 68

Expansion Activities 72

Lesson 3 75

LESSON FOCUS The Simple Past Tense;Habitual Past with Used To 75

READING: Martin Luther King,Jr. 76

3.1 Past of Be 77

3.2 Simple Past Tense of Regular Verbs 79

3.3 Simple Past Tense of Irregular Verbs 80

3.4 Negatives and Questions with the Simple Past Tense 82

READING: Discrimination and Segregation 90

3.5 Habitual Past with Used To 90

Summary 93

Editing Advice 93

Test/Review 94

Expansion Activities 97

Lesson 4 101

LESSON FOCUS Subject and Object Pronouns;Possessive Forms;Reflexive Pronouns 101

READING: An American Wedding 102

4.1 Subject and Object Pronouns 103

4.2 Say and Tell 104

4.3 Possessive Forms of Nouns 105

4.4 Possessive Adjectives 107

4.5 Questions with Whose 108

4.6 Possessive Pronouns 109

4.7 Questions About the Subject 112

READING: His Story/Her Story 117

4.8 Reflexive Pronouns—Forms 117

4.9 Using Reflexive Pronouns 118

Summary 121

Editing Advice 122

Test/Review 124

Expansion Activities 128

Lesson 5 131

LESSON FOCUS Singular and Plural;Noncount Nouns;There+Be;Quantity Words 131

READING: Pilgrims,American Indians,and Thanksgiving 132

5.1 Noun Plurals 133

5.2 Using the Singular and Plural for Generalizations 136

5.3 Noncount Nouns 137

5.4 Quantities with Count and Noncount Nouns 140

READING: Taking the Land from the Native Americans 141

5.5 There+A Form of Be 142

5.6 Quantity Expressions—Overview 144

5.7 Some,Any,A,No 145

5.8 A Lot Of,Much,Many 147

5.9 A Lot Of vs.Too Much/Too Many 148

5.10 A Few,Several,A Little 150

5.11 A Few vs.Few;A Little vs.Little 151

Summary 155

Editing Advice 156

Test/Review 157

Expansion Activities 161

Lesson 6 163

LESSON FOCUS Adjectives;Noun Modifiers;Adverbs;Too and Enough 163

READING: Exercise,Diet,and Weight 164

6．1Adjectives 165

6．2 Noun Modifiers 167

6．3Adverbs of Manner 168

6．4 Adjective vs．Adverb 170

READING: Overweight Children 172

6．5 Too and Enough 173

6．6 Too and Very 176

Editing Advice 177

Summary 177

Test/Review 179

Expansion Activities 181

Lesson 7 185

LESSON FOCUS Time Words and Time Clauses;The Past Continuous Tense 185

7．1 When,While,Until 186

READING:Ellis Island 186

7．2 When and Whenever 188

7．3 For,In,During,By,Ago 190

7．4 The Past Continuous Tense 192

READING:Albert Einstein 192

7．5 The Past Continuous Tense一Forms 193

7．6 The Past Continuous Tense-Uses 194

7．7 Was/Were Going To 199

7．8 Simple Past vs． Past Continuous with While and When 200

7．9 Time with Present Participles 201

Summary 202

Editing Advice 203

Test/Review 203

Expansion Activities 206

Lesson 8 209

LESSON FOCUS Modals;Related Expressions 209

8．1 Overview of Modals and Related Expressions 210

READING: An Apartment Lease 210

8．2 Statements and Questions with Modals 211

8．3 Must, Have To, Have Got To, Be Supposed To 212

8．4 Can,Could,May,Be Able To,Be Permitted To,Be Allowed To 216

READING:Tenants Rights 219

8．5 Should;Had Better 220

8．6 Negatives of Modals and Related Expressions 222

READING:The New Neighbors 226

8．7 Must for Conclusions 227

8．8 Will and May/Might 229

READING：At A Garage Sale 232

8．9 Using Modals for Politeness 232

Summary 236

Editing Advice 238

Test/Review 239

Expansion Activities 241

Lesson 9 245

LESSON FOCUS Present Perfect Tense;Present Perfect Continuous Tense 245

READING:Genealogy 246

9．1 The Present Perfect Tense一Overview 247

9．2 The Present Perfect Tense一Statements and Questions 250

9．3 Uses of the Present Perfect一Overview 252

9．4 Continuation from Past to Present 253

9．5 The Simple Present vs．The Present Perfect 256

READING：Garol s Search for Her Roots 258

9．6 The Present Perfect Continuous 259

9．7 The Present Perfect with Repetition from Past to Present 262

9．8 The Simple Past vs． The Present Perfect with Repetition 265

9．9 The Present Perfect with Indefinite Past Time 267

9．10 Answering a Present Perfect Tense Question 269

Summary 271

Editing Advice 272

Test/Review 274

Expansion Activities 276

LESSON FOCUS Gerunds;Infinitives 279

Lesson10 279

10．1 Gerunds一Overview 280

READING：Finding a Job 280

10．2 Gerund as Subject 281

10．3 Gerund after Verb 282

10．4 Gerund after Preposition 284

10．5 Gerund in Adverbial Phrase 287

10．6 Infinitives一Overview 289

READING：Tips on Writing a Résumé 291

10．7 Infinitive as Subject 291

10．8 Infinitive after Adjective 294

10．9 Infinitive after Verb 295

10．10 Gerund or Infinitive after Verb 296

10．11 Object Before Infinitive 298

10．12 Infinitive to Show Purpose 300

READING：Alexander s Story 302

10．13 Used To versus Be Used To 302

Summary 306

Editing Advice 307

Test/Review 308

Expansion Activities 311

Lesson 11 315

LESSON FOCUS Adjective Clauses 315

READING：Personal Ads 316

11．1 Adjective Clauses一Overview 317

11．2 Relative Pronoun as Subject 317

11．3 Relative Pronoun as Object 319

READING：Senior Singles 323

11．4 Whose+Noun 324

Editing Advice 329

Summary 329

Test/Review 330

Expansion Activities 332

Lesson 12 335

LESSON FOCUS Superlatives；Comparatives；Equality； Similarity 335

READING：Michael Jordan 336

12．1 Comparative and Superlative Forms 336

12．2 Superlatives 338

12．3 Superlatives and Word Order 343

READING：Americans Attitude Toward Soccer 344

12．4 Comparisons 345

12．5 Comparatives and Word Order 347

12．6 As...As 349

12．7 As Many/Much As 351

12．8 The Same...As 354

12．9 Equality with Nouns or Adjectives 355

READING：Dennis Rodman and Michael Jordan 356

12．10 Similarity with Like and Alike 357

12．11 Be Like 359

12．12 Same or Different 360

Summary 363

Editing Advice 364

Test/Review 365

Expansion Activities 367

Lesson 13 371

LESSON FOCUS Passive Voice 371

READING：Jury Duty 372

13．1 The Passive Voice一Overview 372

13．2 The Passive Voice一Forms and Tenses 374

13．3 Using the Passive Voice without a Performer 377

13．4 Using the Passive Voice with a Performer 379

13．5 Using the Active Voice Only 383

Summary 384

Editing Advice 385

Test/Review 386

Expansion Activities 388

Lesson 14 391

LESSON FOCUS Articles；Other/Another；Indefinite Pronouns 391

READING：Automatic Teller Machines 392

14．1 The Indefinite Article一Classifying or Identifying the Subject 393

14．2 The Indefinite Article一Introducing a Noun 394

14．3 The Definite Article 395

14．4 Making Generalizations 398

14．5 General or Specific with Quantity Words 401

READING：Changing the American Dollar 403

14．6 Another and Other 404

READING：Kids and Money 407

14．7 Indefinite Pronouns:One，Some，Any 408

Summary 411

Editing Advice 412

Test/Review 413

Expansion Activities 416

LESSON FOCUS Review of Verb Tenses；Sentence Structure and Word Order 419

Lesson 15 419

READING：Letter of Complaint 420

15．1 The Present Tenses 421

15．2 The Future 423

15．3 The Past Tenses 427

15．4 The Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous 429

15．5 Be 433

15．6 Infinitives 436

15．7 Modals 438

15．8 Review of Question Formation 440

15．9 Sentence Structure and Word Order 446

Expansion Activities 449

Appendices A—N 451

A．Spelling and Pronunciation of Verbs 451

B．Spelling of Short Comparative and Superlative Adjectives and Adverbs 454

C．Spelling Rules for Adverbs Ending in-ly 454

D．Metric Conversion Chart 455

E．The Verb Get 457

F．Make and Do 460

G．Nouns That Can Be Both Count and Noncount 460

H．Verbs and Adjectives Followed by a Preposition 461

I．Direct and Indirect Objects 461

J．Capitalization Rules 463

K．Glossary of Grammatical Terms 464

L．Special Uses of Articles 468

M．Alphabetical List of Irregular Verb Forms 470

N．My Wrod Bank 472

Answer key 483

Answer Key 483

Map of the United States of America 523

Map of The United States of America 523

Map of North America 524

Map of North America 524

Index 525

Index 525

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